Phosphorus Removal in VFCWs with Lightweight Aggregates Made of Fly Ash from Sewage-Sludge Thermal Treatment (FASSTT LWA)

This study analyzed the effect of lightweight aggregates made fly ash from sewage-sludge thermal treatment (FASSTT LWA) on effectiveness phosphorus removal wastewater in vertical constructed wetlands (CWs), depending FASSTT LWA content CW filling and hydraulic loading rate. It was performed over 13 weeks using 15 lysimeters prepared as double-layer systems. An upper layer above gravel with different thicknesses (CW 0 cm: only gravel; 12 cm, 25 cm; 50 100 LWA). Each variant repeated three times. Wastewater a mean concentration 7.43 mgP/L fed to once day. The rates tested were 3.0, 5.0, 7.0 mm/d. Both increased decreasing rate found boost treated wastewater. Constructed wetland filled % ensured reduction below 2.0 mg P/L at all tested.